#install git ubuntu

[abbiistabbii]

I don't think people realize how absolutely wild Linux is.

Here we have an Operating system that now has 100 different varieties, all of them with their own little features and markets that are also so customizable that you can literally choose what desktop environment you want. Alongside that it is the OS of choice for Supercomputers, most Web servers, and even tiny little toy computers that hackers and gadget makers use. It is the Operating System running on most of the world's smartphones. That's right. Android is a version of Linux.

It can run on literally anything up to and including a potato, and as of now desktop Linux Distros like Ubuntu and Mint are so easily to use and user friendly that technological novices can use them. This Operating system has had App stores since the 90s.

Oh, and what's more, this operating system was fuckin' built by volunteers and users alongside businesses and universities because they needed an all purpose operating system so they built one themselves and released it for free. If you know how to, you can add to this.

Oh, and it's founder wasn't some corporate hotshot. It's an introverted Swedish-speaking Finn who, while he was a student, started making his own Operating system after playing around with someone else's OS. He was going to call it Freax but the guy he got server space from named the folder of his project "Linux" (Linus Unix) and the name stuck. He operates this project from his Home office which is painted in a colour used in asylums. Man's so fucking introverted he developed the world's biggest code repo, Git, so he didn't have to deal with drama and email.

Steam adopted it meaning a LOT of games now natively run in Linux and what cannot be run natively can be adapted to run. It's now the OS used on their consoles (Steam Deck) and to this, a lot of people have found games run better on Linux than on Windows. More computers run Steam on Linux than MacOS.

On top of that the Arctic World Archive (basically the Svalbard Seed bank, but for Data) have this OS saved in their databanks so if the world ends the survivors are going to be using it.

On top of this? It's Free! No "Freemium" bullshit, no "pay to unlock" shit, no licenses, no tracking or data harvesting. If you have an old laptop that still works and a 16GB USB drive, you can go get it and install it and have a functioning computer because it uses less fucking resources than Windows. Got a shit PC? Linux Mint XFCE or Xubuntu is lightweight af. This shit is stopping eWaste.

What's more, it doesn't even scrimp on style. KDE, XFCE, Gnome, Cinnamon, all look pretty and are functional and there's even a load of people who try make their installs look pretty AF as a hobby called "ricing" with a subreddit (/r/unixporn) dedicated to it.

Linux is fucking wild.

[netscapenavigator-official]

All I want is a functional dynamic wallpaper on my laptop. I’m trying to install Sunpaper which requires wallutils.

For reasons unbeknownst to me, I’ve gotten to the final step where I need to run “make” in the wallutil git clone, but every time I do that I get an error that says it can’t run because it was expecting “go” version 1.23, and I have “go” version 1.22.5 which is weird because when I run “go version” it says I have 1.18.1, and on the wallutils GitHub, they say a version of 1.11 or later is required and 1.17 or later is recommended.

So idk which way it up, and idk what to fucking do. I just want a pretty wallpaper. 🙃 I’m this 🤏 close to moving back to macOS and just using OCLP to keep it up to date.

And for reference, I’m running Zorin OS 17.2 which is based on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS and utilizes the Ubuntu 24.04 LTS kernel. So idk. I freshly install the “go” command using the requirements install command found on wallutil’s GitHub, so idk what else to do. 🫠

[lvnkae]

Ubuntu 24.04にWDC-150SU2Mを挿し、APモードで使用する

Ubuntu22.04から24.04にアップデートし、ELECOMの無線LANアダプタWDC-150SU2MをWiFi親機として使用できるmoduleを入れ直した際に問題(build error)が生じたので対応方法を書き残しておく

環境

対応moduleのインストール

環境

対応moduleのインストール

標準(linux-headers-xxxx-generic)でr8188euというmoduleがインストールされており、USBにWDC-150SU2Mを挿すと読み込まれるが、このmoduleはAPモードに対応していない(子機としては使用可)ため、有志が改修したrtl8188euを新たにインストールする必要がある。

手順

1.gitからmoduleを一式持ってくる

git clone https://github.com/ivanovborislav/rtl8188eu.git

2.build時にerrorが出ないよう4ファイル修正

　/os_dep/linux/ioctl_cfg80211.c

line 5397 +#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(6, 7, 0) + struct cfg80211_ap_update *params) +#else struct cfg80211_beacon_data *info) +#endif

line 5400 _adapter *adapter = (_adapter *)rtw_netdev_priv(ndev); +#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(6, 7, 0) + struct cfg80211_beacon_data *info = ¶ms->beacon; +#endif

　/os_dep/linux/os_intfs.c

strlcpyをstrscpyに置換(5箇所)

　/os_dep/linux/usb_intf.c

line 350 -#if (LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 19)) +#if (LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 19)) && (LINUX_VERSION_CODE < KERNEL_VERSION(6, 8, 0))

　/os_dep/linux/wifi_regd.c

line 408 -#if (LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 19, 0)) +#if (LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 19, 0)) && (LINUX_VERSION_CODE < KERNEL_VERSION(6, 8, 0))

3.ビルド/インストール

make sudo make install

4.DKMSのインストール

sudo git clone "https://github.com/ivanovborislav/rtl8188eu.git" /usr/src/rtl8188eu-5.13.3 sudo cp os_dep/linux/ioctl_cfg80211.c /usr/src/rtl8188eu-5.13.3/os_dep/linux/ sudo cp os_dep/linux/os_intfs.c /usr/src/rtl8188eu-5.13.3/os_dep/linux/ sudo cp os_dep/linux/usb_intf.c /usr/src/rtl8188eu-5.13.3/os_dep/linux/ sudo cp os_dep/linux/wifi_regd.c /usr/src/rtl8188eu-5.13.3/os_dep/linux/ sudo dkms add -m rtl8188eu -v 5.13.3 sudo dkms build -m rtl8188eu -v 5.13.3 sudo dkms install -m rtl8188eu -v 5.13.3

以降は22.04の時と同じ

※25/05/24追記

標準モジュールr8188euやrtl8xxxuが読み込まれてしまう場合は下記内容で.confファイルを作成し/etc/modprobe.d/に置けば回避できる

blacklist r8188eu blacklist rtl8xxxu

[techantidote]

How to search for IOCs on a Linux machine using Loki IOC and APT scanner

This is a quick guide to running Loki APT Scanner to check for IOCs on a Linux machine. Debian/Ubuntu: – Run the below to setup install loki, get rules and update Loki. sudo su - apt-get install libssl-dev git clone https://github.com/Neo23x0/Loki.git cd Loki source bin/activate pip install colorama yara-python psutil rfc5424-logging-handler netaddr python3 loki-upgrader.py – To run Loki Scanner…

[tap-tap-tap-im-in]

A friend of mine asked me recently to detail my Linux setup, and after thinking about it for a bit, I realized that this is essentially a personality quiz for the Linux users I thought I would detail it here as well.

I no longer have a desktop computer at all. I have two older generation "gaming" laptops and three Raspberry Pis. I'm going to go through in the order I got them:

Laptop #1:

[Purchased New in 2016] Acer ROG 7th Gen i7, 16GB Ram, nVidia 1050Ti Mobile, Internal 1TB HDD, external 2TB HDD

This was originally a windows laptop when I got it back in 2016, but in 2021 I was tired of the long windows boot times on the the HDD and was much more familiar with Linux due to several years experience doing webserver admin work.

I use Ubuntu LTS as my base. It's easy, it's well supported, it's well documented, and the official repos have just about everything I could need. The only thing I've really had to add myself is the repo for i3, but we'll get to that in a bit. I also chose Ubuntu because I already had my first two Raspberry pis, and both were running Raspbian, so using a debian based kernal meant that it wouldn't be much of a change when ssh'ing into them.

That said, I've never really liked the default Ubuntu desktop. Gnome3 is slow and full of too many effects that don't look especially nice but are still heavy to execute. Instead I loaded up KDE plasma. You can download Kubuntu and have them to the setup for you, but I did it the hard way because I found out about Plasma after installing Ubuntu and didn't want to start from scratch.

My plasma desktop looks like this:

Of my two laptops, this one is in the best shape. It's the one that I usually take with me on trips. With the dedicated GPU it can do some light gaming (it did heavier gaming on windows, but due to emulation layers the performance is just a little worse these days, Linux gaming isn't perfect), the screen hinge has never been an issue, and it's on the lighter side of gaming laptops (which is not to say that it's light). For that reason, I often find myself actually using it on my lap, in airports, at people's houses, on my own couch typing this up.

For this reason, I started looking into ways to better keep my hands on the keyboard, rather than having to drift down to the track pad, which is my least favorite part of this laptop. During that research I discovered i3. If you're not familiar i3 is a Linux Desktop Environment that is entirely keyboard driven. https://i3wm.org/

To be fair, it's less of a desktop environment and more of a keyboard driven window manager, as it doesn't have a "desktop" per se. Instead when you log into it, you simply get a black status bar at the bottom of the screen. It doesn't even black out the login screen, so if you don't know what to look for, you might think the whole thing has hung. But, the big benefit of this is that the whole thing is lighting fast for a DE. It doesn't waste any resources on effects or really anything that you don't need. But it's really nice for window tiling and task switching without having to get the mouse involved. This is great for productivity (if you're into that), but it's also just convenient for working on a gaming laptop, which might be balanced such that if you take your hands off of it, it might topple off your lap.

This laptop is my primary project computer. It has all my git repos and scripts for doing things like renewing my website's ssl certs. I also run game servers on it for Minecraft. I'm probably going to spin up a Valheim server on it in the near future too. Especially now that the process has improved somewhat.

Raspberry Pi #1:

[Gifted New in 2016] Raspberry Pi 3b, 4GB RAM, 32GB SD card

This one is my oldest RPi. It's had a lot of roles through the years, including an early version of the vogon media server during initial development in 2020. It's run headless Raspbian for a good three or four years now. Currently it's configured as a web server/php scripted web crawler and a pi-hole DNS server. My router currently refuses to use it as a DNS server without bringing the whole network down, but I will on occasion manually switch devices to it when I'm running especially ad-ridden applications.

There's not too much to say about this one. It's stable, I almost never have problems with it. I frequently use it for things that I want running in the background because they'll take too long and I don't want them blocking up one of my other computers.

Laptop #2

[Gifted Used in 2020] Asus Predator 7th Gen i7, 16GB Ram, nVidia 1080 Mobile, 2 internal 256GB SSDs, External 2TB HDD

This one runs windows 10 still. I use this primarily for gaming. The screen hinge is an absolute joke, and replacing it involves replacing the entire screen bezel assembly, which I can absolutely do, but is such a pain that I haven't gotten around to it in the 3 years I've owned this laptop.

There's nothing really special about this one, other than that when both laptops are at my desk, I use a KVM switch to swap my external monitor, keyboard, and trackball between the two computers.

Raspberry Pi #2:

[Gifted New in 2020/21] Raspberry Pi 4b, 4GB Ram, 16GB SD card, 2 120GB USB Sticks, External 2TB HDD

This is my media server. I got it for Christmas 2020 (or 2021, I don't actually remember which because 2020 was a hard hard year). It runs Rasbian, the full OS, with the desktop environment disabled from booting via the command line. It runs PHP 8.2, MariaDB, Apache2, and MiniDLNA to serve the content via my Vogon Media Server.

If you can't tell from the above storage, I'm running the USB ports well past the power delivery they are rated for. The webserver and OS are on the internal storage, so functionally this just means that sometimes the media disappears. I need to build a migration script to put the contents of the two USB sticks on the external storage, as there is more than enough room, and if I can put the HDD in an enclosure with dedicated power, that will solve the issue. But that's at least a hundred dollars of expense, and since the server only has 1, maybe two users at a time, we've been limping along like this for a few years now.

Raspberry Pi #3:

[Purchased New in 2023] Raspberry Pi 4b, 8GB Ram, 16GB SD card

This is the newest Pi. Work gave me a gift card as a bonus for a project recently, so after weighing the pros and cons of getting a VR headset, I settled on setting up a retro gaming tv box. Currently it's running Batocero Linux and loaded up with classic game roms up through the PSX. Though, I would really like to use it as a tv client for the media server. I've upgraded the devices in the living room recently, and there's no longer a dedicated web browser we can use without hooking up one of our laptops. I've got a spare 128GB SD card in the office, so I'm strongly considering getting a wireless mouse and keyboard and setting it up to dual boot between Batocero (which is convenient because it can be navigated with just a controller), and Raspbian. I think I'd set Batocero as the default in Grub, and then if I want to use Raspbian I'd need to have the keyboard handy anyway.

Maybe I'll get one of those half-sized keyboards with the trackpad built in.

Speaking of controllers. I use an 8BitDo Pro 2 controller, and I've been super happy with it since purchase: https://www.8bitdo.com/pro2/

So that's the setup. I have entirely too many computers for any one person, but I included the dates when I got them to show that a number of these have been around for a long time, and that part of the reason I have so many now is that I've put a lot of time into ongoing maintenance and repurposing.

If you've read this far, I'd love to hear about your setups. You don't have to reblog this, but please tag me if you detail yours.

[towg]

How to Install

Looking for easy, step-by-step guides on how to install everything from software to home devices? Our "How to Install" blog provides clear, beginner-friendly instructions to help you get things up and running without the hassle. Whether you're setting up a new app, assembling tech gadgets, or configuring tools, we simplify the process for you. Each post is written with accuracy and user convenience in mind.

How to Install How to Install Printers Without CD How to Install Webcam Drivers How to Install SSH How to Install Pixelmon How to Install OptiFine How to Install Fabric How to Install Zend Framework with XAMPP on Windows How to Install Roblox on Chromebook How to Install Roblox Studio How to Install Firefox on Mac How to Install Firefox on Linux How to Install Firefox on Windows How to Install Java Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners How to Install Java on Mac Follow Full Process Ultimate Guide How to Install Java for Minecraft Easy Step Guide for How to Install VPN for Privacy How to Install VPN Server Virtual Private Network How to Install VPN on Router A Step-by-Step Guide : Complete Guide for How to Install Anaconda How to Install Anaconda on Linux Complete Guide How to Install Anaconda on Mac: A Step-by-Step Guide How to Install Anaconda on Ubuntu: A Step-by-Step Guide How to Install Anaconda on Windows How to Install npm A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners How to Install npm on Ubuntu Step-by-Step How to Install NVM on Ubuntu Tips, and Explanations How to Install npm on Windows Solve Common Issues How to Install NVM on Windows Troubleshooting Tips How to Install npm on Visual Studio Code How to Install Node.js on Your Machine How to Install Node.js on Linux Step-by-Step Guide How to Install Node.js on Mac Step-by-Step Guide How to Install Node Modules on Angular How to Install Node.js on Ubuntu The Latest Version How to Install Node.js on Windows Get started Full Method How to Install APK File on Your Android Device Complete Guide on How to Install APK on Android TV How to Install APK on Chromebook Step by Step Process How to Install APK on iOS A Comprehensive Guide How to Install IPA on iPhone A Complete Guide How to Install APK on Windows 10 Complete Guide How to Install Git A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners How to Install Git Bash A Complete Step-by-Step Guide How to Install Git on Visual Studio Code How to Install GitHub Simple Step-by-Step Process How to Install Git on Mac Step-by-Step Guide How to Install Git on Linux A Step-by-Step Guide How to Install Git on Ubuntu Step-by-Step Guide How to Install Git on Windows A Simple Guide How to Install Docker How to Install Docker on Linux How to Install Docker on Mac How to Install Docker Daemon Mac How to Install Docker on Ubuntu How to Install Docker Compose on Ubuntu 20.04 How to Install Docker Compose on Windows How to Install Docker on Windows How to Install WordPress How to Install WordPress on Ubuntu How to Install WordPress Plugins How to Install WordPress on Windows 10 How to Install Kodi on Firestick How to Install Exodus on Kodi How to Install The Crew on Kodi How to Install XAMPP on Mac

[sandeep2363]

Steps to install Git on Ubuntu

How to install Git on Ubuntu Linux Refresh the packages of Ubuntu sudo apt update 2. Install git is simple process just fire the following command: sudo apt install git 3. Verify the installation of Git git --version

[geekrewindcom]

How to Install WebStorm on Ubuntu 24.04

This article explains how to install WebStorm on Ubuntu 24.04. WebStorm is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) developed by JetBrains specifically for JavaScript and related technologies. It provides intelligent code completion, error detection, and helpful suggestions, enabling you to write clean and efficient code. WebStorm offers support for Git, Mercurial, and other version control…

[wingedmiraclesublime]

蜘蛛池源码如何部署？

蜘蛛池，也被称为“爬虫池”或“爬虫集群”，是一种用于提高网络爬取效率的技术。通过将多个爬虫任务分配到不同的服务器上运行，可以显著提升数据抓取的速度和稳定性。本文将详细介绍如何部署蜘蛛池源码，帮助你快速搭建自己的爬虫集群。

1. 环境准备

在开始部署之前，确保你的服务器环境满足以下要求：

- 操作系统：Linux（推荐Ubuntu）

- Python环境：Python 3.x

- 其他依赖库：Scrapy、Twisted等

安装Python环境

如果你的服务器尚未安装Python 3.x，可以通过以下命令进行安装：

```bash

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install python3

```

安装依赖库

使用pip安装所需的Python库：

```bash

pip3 install scrapy twisted

```

2. 获取源码

从GitHub或其他代码托管平台获取蜘蛛池的源码。假设源码位于`https://github.com/username/spiderpool.git`，你可以通过以下命令克隆项目：

```bash

git clone https://github.com/username/spiderpool.git

cd spiderpool

```

3. 配置文件

进入项目目录后，找到配置文件（通常为`settings.py`），根据你的需求进行配置。主要配置项包括数据库连接信息、爬虫任务队列等。

```python

DATABASE = {

'drivername': 'postgres',

'host': 'localhost',

'port': '5432',

'username': 'your_username',

'password': 'your_password',

'database': 'spiderpool'

}

```

4. 启动服务

启动蜘蛛池服务通常需要运行一个主进程和多个工作进程。具体命令可能因项目不同而异，但一般形式如下：

```bash

python manage.py startmaster

python manage.py startworker

```

5. 监控与维护

部署完成后，定期监控蜘蛛池的运行状态，确保所有工作进程正常运行。同时，根据实际需求调整配置参数，优化爬虫性能。

讨论点

你在部署蜘蛛池的过程中遇到了哪些问题？又是如何解决的呢？欢迎在评论区分享你的经验，让我们一起学习进步！

加飞机@yuantou2048

谷歌���屏

Google外链购买

[verilog-official]

Ubuntu

not exactly related to Linux but when my SSD died. it was probably caused by me trying to compile WebKit on 2GB of RAM with a 4GB swap file.

I did on a chroot so technically but not really

I have windows 10 installed on an old HP laptop for the sole purpose of taking tests because the stupid software doesn't work in wine and has stupid VM detection and stuff. I also have windows XP on some old hard drives that I took out of old computers and didn't wipe

no, I kinda like bash

not really afraid but I find its more of a hassle than what it's worth a lot of time so I don't really bother making git repos for my stuff

my Lenovo laptop, I installed Ubuntu on it way back in 8th grade and that started my journey

nope.

probably syncthing, I'm still shocked at how well it works. I was thinking that I'd need to set up some sort of weird rsync hodge podge to get bidirectional syncing but no, syncthing does it perfectly fine

id initially say networking, especially with WiFi, due to the poor driver support, and I can't figure out how to get any networking set up properly without networkmanager. but since when NM is installed it's pretty seamless, I'd have to say sound servers for the sole problem of overhead. they're all pretty great, but cause too much overhead a lot of the time, and I have started to just use alsa on a lot of my machines.

I feel that the community is starting to become more open and friendly with newcomers. it used to be really hard because of how toxic people are but it seems to be getting a lot better. however, a lot of them are pissing on the poor. so many times I ask a question and people respond with a solution that I already said in my question doesn't work.

yeah! I wish Debian had a bit better packaging system, but a lot of the other distros are a lot more bloated, have less packages, or are a lot easier to break

why not both?

there's a lot of software I really like and I can't really think of one that I would never use again because it was bad, but if I had to choose one I'd probably say timidity because when you have fluidsynth it's kinda pointless and also limited and hard to use.

idk what "yak shaving" particularly means in this context but personally I love barebones distros so that I can set everything up the way I like it.

yes! I've compiled it on my poor Satellite laptop, which was working for over 24hrs to compile it. I've also partially compiled it on my netbook when I was trying out Gentoo but gave up halfway because it was taking too long and I had to do other stuff.

Linux ask game

1 - what was your first distro? 2 - what was your biggest linux fuckup? 3 - have you ever run rm / on real hardware? 4 - do you dual boot or have a secondary machine with windows? 5 - did you change your default shell? 6 - are you afraid of git? 7 - what was the first machine you installed linux on? 8 - do you know your way around vim keybinds? 9 - what is your favourite non-os software? 10- biggest linux pet peeve? 11- biggest annoyance with the community? 12- do you like your current distro? 13- Xenia or Tux? 14- what software are you never using again? 15- stock distro or hours of yak shaving? 16- have you compiled the kernel?

[cloudolus]

How to Install and Set Up Ubuntu 24.04 on VMware Workstation Pro 17 in Windows 11

Overview:

Setting up Ubuntu on VMware is a crucial skill for DevOps professionals who want to create isolated environments for testing, development, and automation workflows. VMware allows you to run multiple virtual machines (VMs) on a single system, enabling you to experiment with different Linux distributions without altering your primary operating system. In this hands-on guide, we’ll walk through the steps to install and configure Ubuntu on VMware, covering the key settings and best practices for optimizing performance in DevOps environments.

VMware: Getting Started

Step 1: Install VMware Workstation

To begin, you’ll need VMware Workstation or VMware Player installed on your system. Here’s how:

- Download VMware: Visit the official VMware website and download either VMware Workstation or VMware Player depending on your preference. Workstation is a paid tool with advanced features, while Player is a free option that’s perfect for basic VMs. - Install VMware: Run the installer and follow the setup wizard. Once installed, launch VMware.

Step-by-Step: Installing Ubuntu on VMware

Step 1: Download Ubuntu ISO

- Go to the [official Ubuntu website](https://ubuntu.com/download) and download the LTS (Long Term Support) version of Ubuntu, ensuring you have a stable version for long-term usage in your DevOps workflows.

Step 2: Create a New Virtual Machine in VMware

- Open VMware Workstation or VMware Player and select “Create a New Virtual Machine.” - Choose the ISO image by selecting the downloaded Ubuntu file, then click Next.

Step 3: Allocate Resources

- CPU: Assign at least 2 CPUs for smooth operation. - RAM: Allocate at least 4GB of RAM for optimal performance. You can assign more if your system allows. - Storage: Provide at least 20GB of disk space, especially if you plan to install DevOps tools.

Step 4: Installation of Ubuntu

- Start the VM, and Ubuntu’s installation wizard will appear. - Follow the prompts: choose language, keyboard settings, and select Install Ubuntu. - Choose installation type (erase disk if it’s a fresh VM) and configure time zones, user account, and password. - After installation, update your system by running:  ```bash  sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y  ```

Step 5: VMware Tools Installation

Installing VMware Tools improves VM performance, enabling better integration with the host machine.

- In VMware, go to the VM menu and select Install VMware Tools.  ```bash  sudo apt install open-vm-tools open-vm-tools-desktop -y  sudo reboot  vmware-toolbox-cmd -v  ``` Verify VMware Tools Installation:

 ```bash  vmware-toolbox-cmd -v  ```

Step 6: Post-Installation Setup for DevOps

- Install Basic DevOps Tools:  ```bash  sudo apt install git curl vim  ``` - Enable SSH Access:  ```bash  sudo apt install openssh-server  sudo systemctl enable ssh  sudo systemctl start ssh

Best Practices for Installing and Setting Up Ubuntu on VMware

1. Resource Allocation: Ensure you allocate sufficient CPU, RAM, and storage based on the workloads. For most DevOps tasks, assign at least 2 CPUs and 4GB of RAM for optimal performance. More demanding workloads may require additional resources.

2. Snapshots: Regularly take VM snapshots before major changes or installations. This allows you to revert to a stable state if something goes wrong during configuration or software testing.

3. VMware Tools Installation: Always install VMware Tools after setting up the OS. This ensures seamless mouse integration, smoother graphics, and better performance, reducing potential bugs and lag in your virtual environment.

4. Partitioning: For better performance and management, use custom partitioning if needed. This helps in allocating different parts of your virtual disk to `/`, `/home`, and `/var` partitions, improving system performance and flexibility in future updates or installations.

5. Automated Backups: Set up automated backups or export your VMs periodically. This practice is particularly important if your VMs store critical configurations, applications, or databases.

6. Networking Configuration: Ensure that your virtual machines are correctly configured to access the internet and your local network. Consider using NAT or Bridged Network options, depending on your networking needs. NAT works well for internet access, while Bridged is ideal for networked environments.

7. Security Considerations: Configure firewalls and SSH access carefully to secure your VMs from unauthorized access. Set up strong user permissions, enforce password complexity, and enable SSH keys for secure remote access.

8. Regular System Updates: Frequently update Ubuntu systems to ensure they are protected from vulnerabilities. Use the following commands to update packages:    - For Ubuntu:      ```bash      sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade      ```

9. Monitor Resource Usage: VMware allows you to monitor CPU, memory, and storage usage. Use these tools to ensure that your VMs are not consuming excessive resources, especially in shared environments.

10. Test Environments: Use VMs as sandbox environments to test and experiment with new DevOps tools like Docker, Kubernetes, Jenkins, or Ansible before deploying them in production.

Conclusion:

By installing and setting up Ubuntu on VMware, you gain the flexibility to experiment with DevOps tools, test automation workflows, and learn Linux system administration in a safe and isolated environment. This hands-on tutorial provides you with the foundation to run and manage your Linux VMs effectively, setting you up for success in DevOps tasks ranging from development to deployment automation. Follow along in this video as we guide you step-by-step to mastering Linux installations on VMware for your DevOps journey.

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[rwahowa]

Debian 12 initial server setup on a VPS/Cloud server

After deploying your Debian 12 server on your cloud provider, here are some extra steps you should take to secure your Debian 12 server. Here are some VPS providers we recommend. https://youtu.be/bHAavM_019o The video above follows the steps on this page , to set up a Debian 12 server from Vultr Cloud. Get $300 Credit from Vultr Cloud

Prerequisites

- Deploy a Debian 12 server. - On Windows, download and install Git. You'll use Git Bash to log into your server and carry out these steps. - On Mac or Linux, use your terminal to follow along.

1 SSH into server

Open Git Bash on Windows. Open Terminal on Mac/ Linux. SSH into your new server using the details provided by your cloud provider. Enter the correct user and IP, then enter your password. ssh root@my-server-ip After logging in successfully, update the server and install certain useful apps (they are probably already installed). apt update && apt upgrade -y apt install vim curl wget sudo htop -y

2 Create admin user

Using the root user is not recommended, you should create a new sudo user on Debian. In the commands below, Change the username as needed. adduser yournewuser #After the above user is created, add him to the sudo group usermod -aG sudo yournewuser After creating the user and adding them to the sudoers group, test it. Open a new terminal window, log in and try to update the server. if you are requested for a password, enter your user's password. If the command runs successfully, then your admin user is set and ready. sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

3 Set up SSH Key authentication for your new user

Logging in with an SSH key is favored over using a password. Step 1: generate SSH key This step is done on your local computer (not on the server). You can change details for the folder name and ssh key name as you see fit. # Create a directory for your key mkdir -p ~/.ssh/mykeys # Generate the keys ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f ~/.ssh/mykeys/my-ssh-key1 Note that next time if you create another key, you must give it a different name, eg my-ssh-key2. Now that you have your private and public key generated, let's add them to your server. Step 2: copy public key to your server This step is still on your local computer. Run the following. Replace all the details as needed. You will need to enter the user's password. # ssh-copy-id   -i   ~/path-to-public-key   user@host ssh-copy-id   -i  ~/.ssh/mykeys/my-ssh-key1.pub   yournewuser@your-server-ip If you experience any errors in this part, leave a comment below. Step 3: log in with the SSH key Test that your new admin user can log into your Debian 12 server. Replace the details as needed. ssh  yournewuser@server_ip   -i   ~/.ssh/path-to-private-key Step 4: Disable root user login and Password Authentication The Root user should not be able to SSH into the server, and only key based authentication should be used. echo -e "PermitRootLogin nonPasswordAuthentication no" | sudo tee /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/mycustom.conf > /dev/null && sudo systemctl restart ssh To explain the above command, we are creating our custom ssh config file (mycustom.conf) inside /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ . Then in it, we are adding the rules to disable password authentication and root login. And finally restarting the ssh server. Certain cloud providers also create a config file in the /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ directory, check if there are other files in there, confirm the content and delete or move the configs to your custom ssh config file. If you are on Vultr cloud or Hetzner or DigitalOcean run this to disable the 50-cloud-init.conf ssh config file: sudo mv /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/50-cloud-init.conf /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/50-cloud-init Test it by opening a new terminal, then try logging in as root and also try logging in the new user via a password. If it all fails, you are good to go.

4 Firewall setup - UFW

UFW is an easier interface for managing your Firewall rules on Debian and Ubuntu, Install UFW, activate it, enable default rules and enable various services #Install UFW sudo apt install ufw #Enable it. Type y to accept when prompted sudo ufw enable #Allow SSH HTTP and HTTPS access sudo ufw allow ssh && sudo ufw allow http && sudo ufw allow https If you want to allow a specific port, you can do: sudo ufw allow 7000 sudo ufw allow 7000/tcp #To delete the rule above sudo ufw delete allow 7000 To learn more about UFW, feel free to search online. Here's a quick UFW tutorial that might help get you to understand how to perform certain tasks.

5 Change SSH Port

Before changing the port, ensure you add your intended SSH port to the firewall. Assuming your new SSH port is 7020, allow it on the firewall: sudo ufw allow 7020/tcp To change the SSH port, we'll append the Port number to the custom ssh config file we created above in Step 4 of the SSH key authentication setup. echo "Port 7020" | sudo tee -a /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/mycustom.conf > /dev/null && sudo systemctl restart ssh In a new terminal/Git Bash window, try to log in with the new port as follows: ssh yournewuser@your-server-ip -i  ~/.ssh/mykeys/my-ssh-key1  -p 7020   #ssh  user@server_ip   -i   ~/.ssh/path-to-private-key  -p 7020   If you are able to log in, then that’s perfect. Your server's SSH port has been changed successfully.

6 Create a swap file

Feel free to edit this as much as you need to. The provided command will create a swap file of 2G. You can also change all instances of the name, debianswapfile to any other name you prefer. sudo fallocate -l 2G /debianswapfile ; sudo chmod 600 /debianswapfile ; sudo mkswap /debianswapfile && sudo swapon /debianswapfile ; sudo sed -i '$a/debianswapfile swap swap defaults 0 0' /etc/fstab

7 Change Server Hostname (Optional)

If your server will also be running a mail server, then this step is important, if not you can skip it. Change your mail server to a fully qualified domain and add the name to your etc/hosts file #Replace subdomain.example.com with your hostname sudo hostnamectl set-hostname subdomain.example.com #Edit etc/hosts with your hostname and IP. replace 192.168.1.10 with your IP echo "192.168.1.10 subdomain.example.com subdomain" | sudo tee -a /etc/hosts > /dev/null

8 Setup Automatic Updates

You can set up Unattended Upgrades #Install unattended upgrades sudo apt install unattended-upgrades apt-listchanges -y # Enable unattended upgrades sudo dpkg-reconfigure --priority=low unattended-upgrades # Edit the unattended upgrades file sudo vi /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades In the open file, uncomment the types of updates you want to be updated , for example you can make it look like this : Unattended-Upgrade::Origins-Pattern { ......... "origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename}-updates"; "origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename}-proposed-updates"; "origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename},label=Debian"; "origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename},label=Debian-Security"; "origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename}-security,label=Debian-Security"; .......... }; Restart and dry run unattended upgrades sudo systemctl restart unattended-upgrades.service sudo unattended-upgrades --dry-run --debug auto-update 3rd party repositories The format for Debian repo updates in the etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades file is as follows "origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename},label=Debian"; So to update third party repos you need to figure out details for the repo as follows # See the list of all repos ls -l /var/lib/apt/lists/ # Then check details for a specific repo( eg apt.hestiacp.com_dists_bookworm_InRelease) sudo cat /var/lib/apt/lists/apt.hestiacp.com_dists_bookworm_InRelease # Just the upper part is what interests us eg : Origin: apt.hestiacp.com Label: apt repository Suite: bookworm Codename: bookworm NotAutomatic: no ButAutomaticUpgrades: no Components: main # Then replace these details in "origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename},label=Debian"; # And add the new line in etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades "origin=apt.hestiacp.com,codename=${distro_codename},label=apt repository"; There you go. This should cover Debian 12 initial server set up on any VPS or cloud server in a production environment. Additional steps you should look into: - Install and set up Fail2ban - Install and set up crowdsec - Enable your app or website on Cloudflare - Enabling your Cloud provider's firewall, if they have one.

Bonus commands

Delete a user sudo deluser yournewuser sudo deluser --remove-home yournewuser Read the full article

[tumnikkeimatome]

脆弱性情報の自動収集ツールを無料で構築する手順を解説

脆弱性情報収集の自動化基盤構築手順 各OSに応じた環境構築手順を解説します。 情報セキュリティ管理者向けに、脆弱性情報を自動収集するための基盤を整備していきます。 Linux環境での構築 Ubuntuを例に、必要なパッケージをインストールします。 # パッケージの更新とインストール sudo apt update sudo apt install -y python3 python3-pip git sqlite3 # Pythonライブラリのインストール pip3 install requests beautifulsoup4 schedule pandas sqlalchemy Windows環境での構築 Windows環境では、Python環境とパッケージ管理ツールをセットアップします。 # chocolateyのインストール Set-ExecutionPolicy…

[korshubudemycoursesblog]

Linux Zero to Hero: Mastering the Open-Source Operating System

Linux, an open-source operating system, is the backbone of countless systems, from personal computers to enterprise servers and supercomputers. It has earned its reputation as a robust, versatile, and secure platform for developers, administrators, and tech enthusiasts. In this comprehensive guide, we explore the journey from being a Linux beginner to mastering its vast ecosystem.

Why Learn Linux?

1. Open-Source Freedom

Linux provides unparalleled flexibility, allowing users to customize and modify the system according to their needs. With its open-source nature, you have access to thousands of applications and tools free of charge.

2. Industry Relevance

Major companies, including Google, Amazon, and Facebook, rely on Linux for their servers and infrastructure. Learning Linux opens doors to lucrative career opportunities in IT and software development.

3. Secure and Reliable

Linux boasts a strong security model and is known for its stability. Its resistance to malware and viruses makes it the operating system of choice for critical applications.

Getting Started with Linux

Step 1: Understanding Linux Distributions

Linux comes in various distributions, each catering to specific needs. Popular distributions include:

Ubuntu: User-friendly, ideal for beginners.

Fedora: Known for cutting-edge technology and innovation.

Debian: Stable and versatile, preferred for servers.

CentOS: Enterprise-grade, often used in businesses.

Choosing the right distribution depends on your goals, whether it’s desktop use, development, or server management.

Step 2: Setting Up Your Linux Environment

You can use Linux in several ways:

Dual Boot: Install Linux alongside Windows or macOS.

Virtual Machines: Run Linux within your current OS using tools like VirtualBox.

Live USB: Try Linux without installation by booting from a USB drive.

Mastering Linux Basics

1. The Linux File System

Linux organizes data using a hierarchical file system. Key directories include:

/root: Home directory for the root user.

/etc: Configuration files for the system.

/home: User-specific data.

/var: Variable files, such as logs and databases.

2. Essential Linux Commands

Understanding basic commands is crucial for navigating and managing the Linux system. Examples include:

ls: Lists files and directories.

cd: Changes directories.

mkdir: Creates new directories.

rm: Deletes files or directories.

chmod: Changes file permissions.

3. User and Permission Management

Linux enforces strict user permissions to enhance security. The system categorizes users into three groups:

Owner

Group

Others

Permissions are represented as read (r), write (w), and execute (x). Adjusting permissions ensures secure access to files and directories.

Advanced Linux Skills

1. Shell Scripting

Shell scripting automates repetitive tasks and enhances efficiency. Using bash scripts, users can create programs to execute commands in sequence.

Example: A Simple Bash Script

bash

Copy code

#!/bin/bash

echo "Hello, World!"

2. System Administration

System administrators use Linux for tasks like:

Managing users and groups.

Monitoring system performance.

Configuring firewalls using tools like iptables.

Scheduling tasks with cron jobs.

3. Package Management

Each Linux distribution uses a package manager to install, update, and remove software:

APT (Ubuntu/Debian): sudo apt install package_name

YUM (CentOS/Fedora): sudo yum install package_name

Zypper (openSUSE): sudo zypper install package_name

Linux for Developers

Linux provides a robust environment for coding and development. Key features include:

Integrated Development Environments (IDEs): Tools like Eclipse, IntelliJ IDEA, and Visual Studio Code are supported.

Version Control Systems: Git integration makes Linux ideal for collaborative software development.

Containerization and Virtualization: Tools like Docker and Kubernetes thrive in Linux environments.

Troubleshooting and Debugging

Learning to troubleshoot is vital for any Linux user. Common methods include:

Viewing Logs: Logs in /var/log offer insights into system errors.

Using Debugging Tools: Commands like strace and gdb help debug applications.

Network Diagnostics: Tools like ping, traceroute, and netstat diagnose connectivity issues.

Linux Certifications

Earning a Linux certification validates your skills and enhances your career prospects. Notable certifications include:

CompTIA Linux+

Red Hat Certified Engineer (RHCE)

Linux Professional Institute Certification (LPIC)

Certified Kubernetes Administrator (CKA)

These certifications demonstrate proficiency in Linux administration, security, and deployment.

Tips for Success in Linux Mastery

Practice Regularly: Familiarity with commands and tools comes through consistent practice.

Join Communities: Engage with Linux forums, such as Stack Overflow and Reddit, to learn from experienced users.

Contribute to Open-Source Projects: Hands-on involvement in projects deepens your understanding of Linux and enhances your resume.

Stay Updated: Follow Linux news and updates to stay informed about advancements and changes.

Conclusion

Mastering Linux is a transformative journey that equips individuals and organizations with the tools to thrive in a technology-driven world. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can progress from a Linux novice to a seasoned expert, ready to tackle real-world challenges and opportunities.